- Show chemical and physical properties.
- 7 rows called periods.
- Each period represents the number of occupied energy levels in each element in the row.
- 18 columns called groups or families.
- Share similar chemical and physical properties.
- Have the same amount of valence electrons.
- Metals are to the left side of the stair-case- Give up valence electrons in chemical reactions.
- non-metals are to the right side of the stair-case.- Gain or share electrons in chemical reactions.
- Level 1= 2 electrons max
- Level 2= 8 electrons max
Metals
- Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity
- Metals are shiny
- Metals are ductile
- Metals are malleable
- A chemical property of metal is it's reaction with water which results in corrosion
Non-metals
- Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity
- Non-metals are not ductile or malleable
- Solid non-metal are brittle and break easily
- They are dull
- Many non-metals are gases
Metalloids
- Metalloids (metal-like) have properties of both metals and non-metals
- They are solids that can be shiny or dull
- They conduct heat and electricity better than non-metals but not as well as metals
- They are ductile and malleable
Group 1Alkali MetalsWill lose only electron in outer shell to become stable
Most reactive "metals |
Group 2Alkali Earth MetalsWill lose two electrons in outer shell to become stable
|
Group 17HalogensWill gain one electron to become stable
Most reactive "Non-Metals" |
Group 18Noble GasesMost stable elements
Outer shell full All found in the Earth's atmosphere |