pg.199
- The troposphere is the location where weather occurs; it is layer that is closest to the Earth
pg.200
- When air is heated up it expands and takes up more space
- As the heated air rises it exerts less pressure on the ground beneath it, which creates an area of low pressure on Earth's surface
- This is just like a hot air balloon
pg.201
In this morning diagram the cooler air is coming to the land from the sea and since it has more density than the warmer air it sinks. Then it pushes up the warmer air.
In this night diagram the cooler air is coming from the land and going to the sea. The cooler air pushes the warmer air up. It is cooler on land at night because there is no radiation coming from the Sun.
The winds reverse.
The winds reverse.
pg.202
- A jet stream is a fast moving current of air located in the upper part of the troposphere
- jet streams usually move west to east due to Earth's rotation
- in winter the polar jet stream allows cold Canadian air to reach far into Texas if the jet stream goes farther into the south than it's usual position
- prevailing winds; they are global and occur year round
pg.206
- air pressure is the amount of air that is pressing against us
- air pressure changes as the density of air changes
- when air is cooled, it contracts, or takes up less place
- sinking air creates an area of high pressure on the Earth's surface